Flowers




BEGGARTICKS, STICKTIGHT, RAYLESS MARIGOLD, BEGGARLICE,

PITCHFORKS, or STICK-SEED (B. frondosa) sufficiently explains its justly defamed character in its popular names. Numerous dull, dark, tawny orange flower-heads without, rays, or with insignificant ones scarcely to be detected, and surrounded by taller leaf-like bracts, add little to the beauty of the



moist fields and roadsides where they rear themselves on long peduncles from July to October. The smooth, erect, branched, and often reddish, stem may be anywhere from two to nine feet tall. Usually the upper leaves are not divided, but the lower ones are pinnately compounded of three to five divisions, the segments lance-shaped or broader, and sharply toothed. As in all the bur-marigolds, we find each floret's calyx converted into a barbed implement - javelin, pitchfork, or halberd - for grappling the clothing of the first innocent victim unwittingly acting as a colonizing agent.





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